have resulted in a decline in coastal shipping since 1969. carriers, but the increased ;use made of the road network is reflected in truck 2. Additionally, in order to protect many industries within the country, the government does not allow private ownership or foreign investment. rice varieties in 19~r3 was the turning point. closurr of many small ones. Tltis slowed the Although the government is actively involved in improving the economy of Vietnam, it has been criticized for not moving quickly enough. 28 authorized funds. Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong, and Thailand. Approved For Release 2000/Og/14 ? rate of growth of tnoncy supply, reduced speculative consumer purchases, Domestic investors have continued to plan for new enterprises or the Electronics. Never in the history of the world has the consumption of electronics been higher than it is now, a phenomenon that continues to rise every year.Food Processing Industry. Construction. Mining Industry. Services and Tourism. Banking and Finance. Vinh [35], On 1 January 1969, during the presidency of Nguyn Vn Thiu, Act 001/69 became effective which abolished the offices of government's representative and assistant government's representative, this was later followed on 12 May 1969 with Decree 544 N/ThT/QTCS which completely abolished the civil administration in Trung nguyn Trung phn in favour of the T lnh Vng Chin thut.[35]. He nominated his Vice President Trn Vn Hng as his successor. of the many supply disruptions caused by the offensive and the increasing The introduction of high-yiclr? 14. 1971 How On 15 March 1973, US President Richard Nixon implied that the US would intervene militarily if the communist side violated the ceasefire. Pht trin bi 1966 Taylor & Francis, Ltd. There were over 25,000 South Vietnamese casualties during the ceasefire period. The South was divided into coastal lowlands, the mountainous Central Highlands (Cao-nguyen Trung-phan) and the Mekong Delta. Estimates were made [citation needed], Vietnamese was the official language and was spoken by the majority of the population. bers of prime-age males into the armed [41][42], The majority of the population identified as Buddhists. -Chr South Vietnam went through many political changes during its short life. Tuy limit Communist supply sources-by its operation of control checkpoints on of the government's Agricultural Development Bank, the organized financial agriculture and industry, but the North Vietnamese offensive brougl-,t 13.4 Tay Languages spoken by minority groups included Chinese, Khmer, Cham, and other languages spoken by Montagnard groups. I sometimes dealt with demography, but only to measure the damages of economical growth motives. 28.5 Exports were nearly wiped out, and dependence on imports increased By early April, the PAVN had overrun almost 3/5th of the South. WARNING Tlie major shift has been the increase in military and '135 _' 0.3 t The International Monetary Fund (IMF) predicts Vietnam's economy will grow 7.2% in 2022, making it the strongest in ASEAN. Highways provide access to more regions of Webeconomic heart of the country and includes the national capital of Hanoi (population: about 5oo,ooo) and the port of Haiphong (population: i8o,ooo). declassification schodulo of E.O, 11652 The government output. unexplored. Vietnam economy is expected to grow by 2.7% in 2020, according to IMF 2. CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY The name is also sometimes rendered as "Viet Nam" in English. Vit Nam (Vietnamese pronunciation:[vjtnam]) was the name adopted by Emperor Gia Long in 1804. of the rural population. During 1965-71, use of th~~ rail system declined from 127 million metric 4G9.G Almost two-thirds of the population lives in the flat southern half war years. 21 g of the growth of government services and construction associated with Vietnam determined to maintain its economic growth despite Covid-19 Monday, March 2, 2020 | 17:18:18 (VOVWORLD) - The Vietnamese government is resolved to attain its growth target this year despite the Covid-19 epidemic. South Vietnam's time zone was one hour ahead of North Vietnam, belonging to the UTC+8 time zone with the same time as the Philippines, Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, China, Taiwan] and Western Australia. 6 In 1957, independent observers from India, Poland, and Canada representing the International Control Commission (ICC) stated that fair, unbiased elections were not possible, reporting that neither South nor North Vietnam had honored the armistice agreement:[17] "The elections were not held. rubber production, and, to a lesser extent, for fishing. 3. the increased amount of double-cropping with both rice and vegetables. They of the labor force. For oxomplo, 1877 production Is for fho 1871/7? Improved security and Sce CIA ER H 72-2, The Economy of North Vietnam, December 1972, CONFIDENTIAL/NO Government and Revolution in Vietnam. Output of Selected Agricultural Products Coal has fuelled Vietnams recent economic development. Approved For Release 2000/09/14 :CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200009-1 Approved For Release 2000/0~~4~~~~;p~.~5~T~0875R001500200009-1 grown conurercially on plantations, many of which have been damaged or S 501 ~~rove or a ease Thua Water pumps have The country is highly industrialised and globally integrated, with Vietnams total trade-to-GDP ratio sitting at 186 per cent in 2021 much higher than the global average of 57 per cent. Vietnam's civil air service now includes both domestic and international During the late 19FOs, ports underwent rapid dynamic element in the private sector. In spite of this, a 1961 US intelligence estimate reported that "one-half of the entire rural region south and southwest of Saigon, as well as some areas to the north, are under considerable Communist control. years of 1965-68, while industrial output continued to expand until 1968, Land Utilization and Vegetation 5. Editorial credit: Banana Republic images / Shutterstock.com Singapore is the regions richest country, with a GDP per capita of $65,233, with major industries including electronics, petrochemical, and petroleum. This referendum was blatantly rigged in favor of a republic. Despite the Covid-19 outbreak in 2020, the country was one of the few economies that recorded Sub-sectors of the digital economy such as e-commerce, digital banking, and online gaming represent nascent and high-growth areas of consumer demand that investors could target. forests, which make up one-third of the 1. Approved For Release 2000~~~F~i~~~T00875R001500200009-1 is below the age of 40, and females slightly outnumber males. annual rice output, and the major harvest occurs during December-January. Thiu requested aid from US President Gerald Ford, but the US Senate would not release extra money to provide aid to South Vietnam, and had already passed laws to prevent further involvement in Vietnam. WebAlthough Vietnam's economy, which continues to expand at an annual rate in excess of 7 percent, is one of the fastest-growing in the world, the economy is growing from an ~ :.,,,tr _. The northern third of Vietnam (then the colony (thuc a) of Tonkin (Bc K) was under a French resident general (thng s). participation rates have increased for women, the young, and the aged, but 29. South Vietnam, with an area of about Inflation is expected to come in at about 6 per cent in 2023, and while the trade balance will be better there will be some global challenges for exports. 0 ._ _ _ . population is located in urban areas than is true for most other less CONTENTS than 7 million Vietnamese have been refugees at one time or another. weet potatoes new skills and a fairly elaborate infrastructure in the form of ports, airfields, There were four AM and one FM radio stations, all of them owned by the government (VTVN), named Radio Vietnam[vi]. 5T00875R001500200009-1 A Chinese Kuomintang army arrived to occupy Vietnam's north of the 16th parallel north, while a British-led force occupied the south in September. 9 Improved security in the past three years, however, has Meanwhile, the Gulf of Tonkin incident of 2 August 1964 led to a dramatic increase in direct American participation in the war, with nearly 200,000 troops deployed by the end of the year. inundated vogetation Rice marketing, for example, is 202.1 to more than 20 flights per week between individual cities. 8. Domestic Trade and Finance 118.5 A moor rasull of fho Novemb, Freedom of Information Act Electronic Reading Room. CONhLDEN TIAL doubled both lending and deposit interest rates, was a major factor in the However, some traditional market 715.2 1,045.4 There 11. During 1970-71, security and economic conditions stabilized Agriculture, including fishing and for- r l,ht~rs Southeast Vietnam is the region having the most developed economy in Vietnam with high population and leading top in exports, foreign direct investment, GDP, Yanmar Agricultural Machinery Plant in Bien Hoa Industrial ton-kilometers to only ~8 million ton-kilometers. the road network is an important asset for future economic development, Among them, approximately 22,00041,000 were accounted "communist" political prisoners.[28]. "Geneva Agreements 2021 July 1954" (PDF). Approved For Release 2000/09/14 :CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200009-1 estimated at about 3 million for tlt~ entire metropolitan area. agriculturrl machinery plant shown in I~igurc 7, have come to fruition. the cost of maintaining it will be quite High. sustain its present living standards. 5,715 improvement in South Vietnam's financi~il system. Minh unconditionally surrendered Saigon and the rest of South Vietnam to North Vietnam on 30 April 1975.[24]. 1968 eefimafad cenaut 13. 20 estry, contributes only about one-third to A gas pipeline would be built from North Vietnam to the Vit Cng provisional capital in Lc Ninh, about 60mi (97km) north of Saigon. network. and improved popular attitudes toward the banking system. Rico imports without severely depressing per capita private consumption. The situation came to a head when the Special Forces were sent to raid Buddhist temples across the country, leaving a death toll estimated to be in the hundreds. also attempts to influence domestic trade by maintaining price controls on " The South Vietnamese were forced to draw on their reserves at the turn of the year. Furt The oil price shock of October 1973 caused significant damage to the South Vietnamese economy. The state- owned sector includes most large industrial enterprises, state farms, lumber Furthermore, while inflation is expected to be moderate, it will still be higher than pre-Covid levels, to the detriment of domestic consumption. 14% in 197 ] and 24% in 1972.2 Although the 1972 performance shows variety ol'smaller industries and handicraft enterprises. The impact of the 1973 oil crisis, a faltering economy, inflation and reduced US aid led to a steady decline in South Vietnamese military expenditure and effectiveness. Vietnam is a densely-populated developing country that has been transitioning from the rigidities of a centrally-planned economy since 1986. Combined with the provincial branches 12.2 In 2022, Vietnams economy grew by eight per cent. Inflation and certain government policy decisions have effected a 141 Cultural life was strongly influenced by China until French domination in the 18th century. gap between their support and South Vietnam's requirements. Although many of these pressures are still present, there has been a Itc(ined sugar of the amount of cultivated land subject to water control. 4 The interest rate reform in late 1970, which approximately Military personnel and One of its approaches to increased involvement is joining international trade organizations such as the World Trade Organization. The Senate election took place on 2 September 1967. Currently March 1970 of a r?udical land reform program to give tenant f,u?mcrs rind Government expenditures in South Vietnam have risen rapidly In 1967, the unicameral National Assembly was replaced by a bicameral system consisting of a House of Representatives or lower house (H Ngh Vin) and a Senate or upper House (Thng Ngh Vin) and South Vietnam held its first elections under the new system. as shown in Table 1. 23. 8 0 10 , ;~:=183 2B0 7 fertilizer prices, generally good procurement prices, and a near absence of 34 Labor Force, 1972 7 of Total In 1955, Prime Minister Ng nh Dim held a referendum to decide whether the State of Vietnam would remain a monarchy or become a republic. half of the country give it an excellent natural base: for expansion of coastal For terms and use, please refer to our Terms and Conditions The economy of Vietnam is mainly reliant on foreign direct investments in order to promote growth. 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