The CNDH sends a request to the authority asking for evidence of its compliance and includes this follow-up information in its annual report. Journalists and human rights defendersparticularly those who criticize public officials or expose the work of criminal cartelsoften face attacks, harassment, and surveillance by government authorities and criminal groups. MEXICO CITY The corpses of three people, dismembered and burned, were found in bags in Abasolo, in the state of Guanajuato, on Sept. 2. The law prohibits children younger than age 15 from working and allows those ages 15 to 17 to work no more than six daytime hours in nonhazardous conditions daily, and only with parental permission and permission from the labor authority. As of August 16, the suspects remained in detention awaiting trial. . The law describes femicide as a gender-based murder under any of the following seven circumstances: signs of sexual violence, previous violence, emotional connection to the perpetrator, previous threats, harassment history, victim held incommunicado prior to deprivation of life, or victims body exposure in a public place. That means the homicide crime rate was 29 per 100,000 in 2020. Queretaro state Exercise Increased Caution. There are no other restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Guanajuato state, which includes tourist areas in:San Miguel de Allende,Guanajuato City, andsurrounding areas. Additionally, the INE introduced quotas to promote minority representation, requiring political parties to nominate a certain number of candidates belonging to minority groups, including from indigenous, Afro-Mexican, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and intersex (LGBTQI+) communities, as well as persons with disabilities. In April 2021, pro-government legislators passed a law extending the terms of the Supreme Court Chief Justice and members of the Federal Judiciary Council, which controls hiring and firing of judges. After the STPS canceled the vote, in May the rapid response mechanism under the U.S.-Mexico-Canada Agreement commenced, and the government agreed to review a denial of freedom of association and collective bargaining rights at the plant, confirming the denial of rights. In July an arrangement was reached on a course of remediation, which included a new collective bargaining agreement legitimization vote under the supervision of the STPS, with observers from the National Electoral Institute and the International Labor Organization. State and federal prosecutors are independent of the executive branch and have the final authority to investigate and prosecute security force abuses. Federal law provides citizens the ability to choose their government through free and fair periodic elections held by secret ballot and based on universal and equal suffrage. Gomez had advocated against illegal logging and the destruction of the Michoacan monarch butterfly habitat. Any work in excess of eight hours in a day is considered overtime, for which a worker is to receive double pay. On October 7, the army relieved Colonel Miguel Angel Ramirez Canchola, accused of ordering the killings, of his posting, but as of October prosecutors had not taken action against the soldiers. Share this via Telegram The attorney general never properly implemented a 2018 reform intended to make the office more independent from the government and more accountable to victims and their families, human rights and rule-of-law groups report. Three states have state-level IDP laws, but the country does not have a federal internal displacement law, which created challenges in resource allocation and interagency governmental coordination. According to the NGO, institutional staff in Baja California reported that four children with disabilities died within days of each other with no known investigations. Government failures to investigate and prosecute attacks on protesters and human rights defenders resulted in impunity for these crimes, consistent with high impunity rates for all crimes. According to labor rights NGOs, employers in all sectors sometimes used the illegal hours bank approach requiring long hours when the workload is heavy and cutting down hours when it is light to avoid compensating workers for overtime. In July 2020, 12 civilians were killed in a shootout with soldiers in Tamaulipas state. The law criminalizes sharing, distributing, and publishing intimate sexual content (including photographs, audio, and videos) featuring individuals who have not explicitly given their consent, with penalties of up to six years in prison. The reforms establish a four-year timeline for implementation designed to end May 1, 2023, but the government established an accelerated timeline to complete implementation by May 2022 and remained on track to meet that goal. There were credible reports that members of security forces committed some abuses. Mexico State (Estado de Mexico) Exercise Increased Caution. Areas of violent contestation, such as Zacatecas or San Luis Potos, can become almost anarchical with violence. In October and November, I spent several weeks in various parts of Mexico researching the evolution of crime and security policies. In the high-traffic tourist areas, crime is nearly zero and there are helpful and friendly people everywhere, including local . While not directed at tourists, shootings between rival gangs have injured innocent bystanders. The CNDH may call on government authorities to impose administrative sanctions or pursue criminal charges against officials, but it is not authorized to impose penalties or legal sanctions. The Interior Secretariat reaffirmed its commitment to protect refugee applicants even as the country experienced an unprecedented number of applicants. While most gang-related violence is targeted, violence perpetrated by criminal organizations can affect bystanders. Penalties for law violations regarding hours and minimum wage were commensurate with those for other similar laws but were rarely enforced. San Luis Potos, SLP.- San Luis Potos is the second most dangerous city in the country, according to the National Victimization Survey on Public Safety (Envipe) 2021, carried out by INEGI. Indigenous defendants who did not speak Spanish sometimes were unaware of the status of their cases and were convicted without fully understanding the documents they were instructed to sign. As a government official inTierra Calientetold me: Frankly, public security here, all life really, is totally managed by the narcos.. Share this via Email For example, journalists in Nogales, Sonora, said they were aware of unspoken red lines in covering organized crime and that crossing lines, such as mentioning the name of an alleged assailant, could result in personal harm. The board identified 3,286 homes in five states for relocation before completion of the construction project. Enforcement was inadequate in many small companies, in agriculture, and in construction, and nearly absent in the informal sector in which most child laborers worked. According to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, the median salary for full-time female employees was 19 percent less than that of full-time male employees. The government says soldiers only support migration officials. Follow the U.S. Embassy on Facebook and Twitter. After denying they existed, in 2019 the Prosecutor Generals Office provided evidence of Pegasus licensing contracts in 2016 and 2017. In July Public Safety Secretary Rosa Isela Rodriguez revealed that the Felipe Calderon and Enrique Pena Nieto administrations signed 31 contracts for $61 million to buy Pegasus spy software. Black migrants reported migration authorities detained Black migrants for longer periods than other migrants. Of the day laborers, 33 percent received no financial compensation for their work, and only 3 percent had a formal written contract. Schools were closed in Mexico from March 2020 to August 2021, and classes were broadcast on television and radio. Tlaxcala state Exercise Increased Caution. As of August 23, Marin was awaiting trial. Their ebb and flow largely reflect choices and tit-for-tat responses by criminal groups toward one another. There are no restrictions on travel for U.S. government employees in Quintana Roo state, which include tourist areas in:Cancun,Cozumel, Isla Mujeres,Playa del Carmen,Tulum, andtheRiviera Maya. Lozoya accused high-level politicians representing multiple parties of complicity in his corrupt acts and was acting as a states witness in trials against them. They lack access to justice, education, legal standing, legal capacity, protection from domestic violence, and informed consent in health decisions. As of July, 94 percent of active unions under federal jurisdiction had registered their amended statutes with the Secretariat of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS), but only 39 percent of active unions under local jurisdiction had registered their amendments with the CABs. Corruption and Lack of Transparency in Government, Section 5. The National Human Rights Commission (CNDH) is responsible for independently investigating security force abuses, including killings, and can issue nonbinding recommendations for prosecution. Six allow it for any reason up to 12 weeks of pregnancy. In 2018, the number of drug-related homicides in Mexico rose to 33,341, a 15 percent increase from the . In 2019, a well-respected human rights defender was appointed to head the governments National Search Commission (CNB). On October 1, a judge sentenced Fidel Figueroa, mayor of Zacualpan, state of Mexico, to 236 years in prison for murder. InSight Crime's GameChangers 2022 looks back at the most consequential criminal stories across Latin America this year. From 2013 through 2020, the CNDH received 3,799 complaints of military abuses. Mexico Ends Warning System For Covid And Will Treat Virus As Endemic. Security experts said government candidate protection programs, which did not cover all those eligible, had a negligible impact on curbing political violence. Elsewhere, they have to live with sharing, like the Sinaloa Cartel and Cartel Jalisco Nueva Generacin (CJNG) do in the fentanyl and meth precursor hub Lzaro Crdenas. Through a nationwide assessment process, the National Search Commission (CNB) revised the governments official number of missing or disappeared persons repeatedly as additional data became available. Mexico highlighted that one of its priorities on the council would be the protection of children. In its December 2020 climate action plan, Mexico increased the baseline against which its emissions reductions are calculated but maintained its 2015 emissions reduction commitments. Government Human Rights Bodies: The CNDH is a semiautonomous federal agency created by the government and funded by the legislature to monitor and act on human rights abuses. This mass displacement elevated the groups risk of malnutrition and health maladies. The law also provides for the rights of appeal and of bail in most categories of crimes. Government officials stated that the harassment of Catholic priests and evangelical Protestant pastors reflected high levels of generalized violence throughout the country and not targeted attacks based on religious faith. Physical Conditions: According to the Federal Prison System, as of June there were 220,393 inmates in 288 state and federal facilities with a designed capacity for 217,064. Federal and state databases were incomplete and had data-crossing problems; forensic systems were highly fragmented between the local, state, and federal levels; and the sheer volume of unsolved cases was far greater than the forensic systems were capable of handling. Observers noted that it also increased the likelihood of work-related illness and injury. The CNDH in its report on COVID-19 measures in holding facilities found most detention facilities could not comply with social distancing measures or several other health recommendations due to lack of space, personnel, or equipment. The threat against journalists by organized crime was particularly high in the state of Guerrero. State human rights commissions investigate state and municipal police forces and can issue similar recommendations. Tweets disseminated their identities and their media outlets and also made veiled threats. He was a member of a search collective and the state search commission. According to the Mexican Social Security Institute, as a result of the law 2.7 million workers of the 4.6 million subcontractors moved from formal subcontracting status to a formal direct employment status. Do not travel due to crime and kidnapping. There are no other travel restrictions for U.S. government employees in Baja California state. Workers, the employer, or an interested third party may request the CAB or court rule on the legality of the strike, which may find the strike is nonexistent and therefore illegal. The armed forces operated a military justice system to hold human rights abusers accountable. Following the August 2020 killing of Pablo Morrugares, El Diario de Iguala newspaper published a note blaming organized crime and Governor Hector Astudillo Flores administration for violence against journalists and impunity. Travelers should maintain a high level of situational awareness, avoid areas where illicit activities occur, and promptly depart from potentially dangerous situations. In July the Mexico City Prosecutor Generals Office issued the fourth arrest warrant for Roemer. There were numerous instances of criminal armed groups extorting, threatening, or kidnapping asylum seekers and other migrants. The justice system regularly fails to ensure due process for those accused of crimes. Women and children were subjected to domestic servitude. On August 30, the Extraordinary Mechanism for Forensic Identification became fully operational. Civil society groups reported families living in inhuman conditions, with inadequate and cramped housing, no access to clean water or bathrooms, insufficient food, and without medical care. NGOs reported that acts of excessive use of force and arbitrary detention occurred against female protesters, especially those protesting gender-based violence. Globally, it ranks at number 19 in the list of countries with the highest . The National Guard, which began operations in 2019, is a civilian institution reporting to the Secretariat of Public Security and Civil Protection. The court found that absolute criminalization of abortion is unconstitutional and that women should not be criminally prosecuted for undergoing the procedure. Travel Insurance That Covers Covid-19 For 2022. President Lpez Obrador said the program had produced very good results.. FENTANYL / 15 FEB 2023 . In many states, police presence and emergency services are extremely limited outside the state capital or major cities. Some companies reportedly did not implement effective protective measures for employees, and one factory, owned by Eaton Corporation in Baja California, was operating illegally and was closed after it placed chains on its doors to prevent 800 workers from leaving. Authorities were attempting to extradite Roemer from Israel. Since President Lpez Obrador took office, the National Council on People with Disabilities, the principal government body coordinating efforts to implement disability rights, has been effectively non-operational. Administration: Authorities did not always conduct investigations into credible allegations of mistreatment. As a security official in theTierra Calienteexplained to me, the objective of the deployments of the National Guard or joint patrols is not to fight the criminals, or even to deter them: We send the National Guard in joint patrols with state police or the military to stand on the street. Between January and June, state authorities opened 129,020 new domestic violence investigations. Petty crime occurs frequently in both tourist and non-tourist areas. According to several NGOs and unions, many workers faced violence and intimidation perpetrated by protection union leaders and employers supporting them, as well as other workers, union leaders, and vigilantes hired by a company to suppress opposition to an existing union in bargaining-rights elections. Jewish community representatives reported good cooperation with the government and other religious and civil society organizations in addressing rare instances of such acts. The National Commission to Prevent and Eradicate Violence against Women is responsible for leading government programs to combat domestic violence. Since its creation in 2010 through August 2021, the federal Special Prosecutors Office to investigate crimes against journalists has opened more than 3,362 investigations, brought 265 charges for crimes, and obtained 25 convictions. Access to Asylum: Federal law provides for granting asylum, refugee status, or complementary protection to those fleeing persecution or facing possible threats to their life, security, or liberty in their country of origin; this right was generally respected. President Lpez Obrador has vastly expanded the scope of the military in public security, often supplanting civilian law enforcement. Subcontracting is allowed if it is used to perform specialized services unrelated to the main economic activity of businesses or public institutions. State commissions do not have uniform reporting requirements, making it difficult to compare state data and therefore compile nationwide statistics. Child protection authorities lacked sufficient capacity to shelter and process migrant children and families, and the government made modest headway to increase that capacity. The procedure known in Spanish as arraigo (a constitutionally permitted form of pretrial detention employed during the investigative phase of a criminal case before probable cause is fully established) allows, with a judges approval, for certain suspects to be detained prior to filing formal charges. As part of that process, the Federal Center published a new legitimization protocol to include a mechanism that allows for submission of complaints regarding alleged irregularities that may happen prior to, during, and after the vote. The CNDH did not report on the merits of the complaints. Despite a government program to transmit public education classes via internet, television, and radio during the pandemic, reports suggested that at least 2.5 million children did not continue their basic education. In 2016 all civilian and military courts officially transitioned from an inquisitorial legal system based primarily upon judicial review of written documents to an accusatorial trial system reliant upon oral testimony presented in open court. Authorities declared 10 political parties eligible to participate in the midterm elections. Human rights and environmental activists, many from indigenous communities, continued to be targets of violence. Thats not always the case. News reports indicated poor working conditions in some factories. Now they seek to influence with violence and money who can run and win to begin with. Freedom of expression advocacy groups reported the government, despite reductions in its advertising budgets, continued to have a strong financial impact and influence on the largest media companies. Abuses of time limits on pretrial detention were endemic in state judicial systems. Both the boys and their hairdresser trainers pocketed the government money and went about their lives, criminal or otherwise, as before. Yet, the 2022 outlook for both the rule of law and public safety in Mexico and meaningful U.S.-Mexico security cooperation remains bleak. In addition to the outstanding Zeron arrest warrant, the Special Unit for the Investigation and Litigation of the Ayotzinapa case issued 12 warrants and made 10 arrests for investigative irregularities, such as torture and obstruction of justice. NGOs operated 85 percent of the facilities, and government organizations operated the remaining 15 percent. In August the federal government signed a public-private partnership agreement with the Teleton Institute for it to provide rehabilitation services to 20,000 pension-receiving children. Violent crime and gang activity occur with increasing frequency in Veracruz, particularly in the center and south near Cordoba and Coatzacoalcos. The National Search Commission (CNB) has increased transparency about the number of disappeared persons, but prosecutors make little effort to investigate disappearances or identify those responsible. Nevertheless, women nationwide faced obstacles to accessing emergency services due to health providers personal objections to emergency contraception or misunderstanding of their legal obligations to provide services. Elsewhere, same-sex couples must petition for an injunction (amparo) to be allowed to marry. The law provides for eight paid public holidays and one week of paid annual leave after completing one year of work. As a result he was forced to urinate and defecate in his bed, according to Human Rights Watch. Crime and violence are widespread in Michoacan state. U.S. government employees may not travel between cities after dark, may not hail taxis on the street, and must rely on dispatched vehicles, including app-based services like Uber, and regulated taxi stands. Recent Elections: International observers considered the midterm elections (legislative, gubernatorial, and local) to be generally free and fair, with only minor reports of irregularities. The overarching bipolar rivalry between the Sinaloa Cartel and CJNG spans not just Mexico but violently all the way to Colombia and non-violently into the Asia-Pacific. In the face of uninvestigated violence, many journalists self-censor. Mexico endorsed the Safe Schools Declaration in May 2021. On August 3, Ravelo died from his injuries. In August 2020 a federal judge sentenced Juan Carlos El Larry Moreno Ochoa to 50 years in prison for killing Breach. Nationwide the CNB reported the exhumation of the remains of at least 3,025 persons in 1,749 clandestine graves between December 1, 2018, and June 30. The Federal Center also carries out mandatory pre-judicial conciliations at the federal level, with local conciliation centers carrying out the same function at the state level. The plan is insufficient to meet the Paris Agreement goal of limiting global warming to 1.5C, according to the Climate Action Tracker. State labor inspectors, however, reported finding evidence of child labor, particularly in agricultural establishments. Violent crime is widespread. our office. You can find like-minded travelers by staying at one of Guanajuato's top-rated hostels which may add an extra dimension to your trip. Concerns persisted regarding organized criminal groups use of physical violence in retaliation for information posted online, which exposed journalists, bloggers, and social media users to the same level of violence faced by traditional journalists. The reforms provide workers with the right to freely elect union representatives and approve or reject collective bargaining agreements through a secret ballot process before they are registered. The states where the most political violence occurred were Veracruz, followed by Guerrero and Guanajuato. Instead of using force and judicial prosecution, Lpez Obrador seeks to reduce crime in Mexico throughsocio-economic anti-crime programs, part of his overall vastly popular redistribution strategy for Mexicos many poor and marginalized. The Puebla state government sued the news outlet E-Consulta seven times due to its reporting. The constitution and law prohibit discrimination with respect to employment or occupation. In June a federal judge sentenced Juan Francisco Picos Barrueto to 32 years in prison for the 2017 murder of journalist Javier Valdez Cardenas. This decision prevented a protection union from attempting to stop the strike by filing a challenge to the Mineros Unions control of the existing collective bargaining agreement at the San Martin mine in Sombrerete, Zacatecas. This limited medias ability to investigate and report, since many of the reporters who were killed covered crime, corruption, and local politics. Pretrial detention is mandatory for many offenses, violating international human rights standards. The government made efforts to prevent, investigate, and punish acts of disappearance involving government agents. His administration has given SEDENA and SEMAR responsibilities for custom collection and awarded them contracts for buildingairports,luxury apartments, and presumed critical infrastructure (sometimes foolishly environmentally-damaging infrastructure like theMayan Train), while promising toexempt them from all kinds of oversight. The president has collaborated with the US in abusive anti-immigration policies, including illegal expulsion of migrants and asylum seekers by plane and bus to Central America. A 2019 study by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights documented the Mechanisms problems in coordinating protective measures, providing resources, and establishing clear procedures. Lpez Obradors initiative Sowing Life, which he touts as a major component of his strategy to cut greenhouse gas emissions, may have caused 72,000 hectares of forest loss, with inadequate monitoring enabling beneficiaries to clear forests and then be paid by the government to plant trees. Detained migrants have said they were not given masks or soap and were denied medical treatment when they had symptoms of Covid-19. March 01 , 2023. Prosecutors and police rarely attempt to find the disappeared or identify those responsible. The government generally exempted accompanying adults from detention to preserve family unity. But the size of the decline is just noise in the tempo of Mexicos criminal violence. In August and September 2021, Mexico hosted negotiations between representatives from the Venezuelan government and opposition groups mediated by Norway. If taking a taxi alone, take a photo of the taxi number and/or license plate and text it to a friend. As of August 16, authorities had not arrested any suspects. SANTA FE, N.M. - State lawmakers have less than three weeks to approve bills and send them to the governor's desk for a signature, that includes every single public safety proposal introduced . The government was reasonably effective in enforcing child labor laws in large and medium-sized companies, especially in the export-oriented factory (maquiladora) sector and other industries under federal jurisdiction. The pension was 2,550 pesos ($125) every two months. Pretrial Detention: Lengthy pretrial detention was a problem, and authorities did not always promptly release those detained unlawfully. The State Department's Mexico Crime and Safety Report for Merida (OSAC) details that there is very little to no narco-related crime threat in Merida. The list named at least 50 persons linked to President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador, politicians from every party, as well as journalists, lawyers, activists, prosecutors, diplomats, judges, and academics. In addition to criminal libel and defamation laws, civil law defines moral damage as similar to defamation concerning harm to a persons feelings, affections, beliefs, dignity, honor, reputation, and privacy, according to the NGO Committee to Protect Journalists. According to the Mexican Statistical Agency (INEGI) in Mexico there were a total of 36,773 homicides in 2020, according to the SESNSP there were a total of 34,555 murders that same year. There were reports of security forces using excessive force against demonstrators. Is targeted, violence perpetrated by criminal groups toward one another to head the governments National search Commission time. The plan is insufficient to meet the Paris agreement goal of limiting global warming 1.5C! 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